G Model scientific reading edition
Newtonian Gravity: Inverse-Square Physics | G Model Perspective
By Gurbuz Dolu, Electrical Engineer & independent researcher, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
· Published 2026-09-09
Newtonian gravity models a source mass with a potential and an inverse-square acceleration outside a spherical source. It remains an accurate approximation in weak fields and low speeds.
Its gravitational constant is an empirically measured quantity with established dimensions and units. Dimensional consistency is essential when comparing another model with Newtonian gravity.
The weak G Model branch identifies Φ = c²M and g = −c²∇M. For a spherical source, the retained form is M(r) = −G_G M_s/(c²r), giving g_G(r) = G_G M_s/r² within the stated assumptions.
The current K_M-first route gives G_G = c⁴/(4πK_M), while a dated manuscript branch openly uses measured Big G as calibration. These provenance branches must remain distinct; algebraic agreement is not experimental independence.
The historical expression 1/(5π²c) was rejected as Newtonian G because its dimensions are wrong. It is not Newton's gravitational constant.
Newtonian gravity in ordinary physics
Newtonian gravity models a source mass with a potential and an inverse-square acceleration outside a spherical source. It remains an accurate approximation in weak fields and low speeds.
Its gravitational constant is an empirically measured quantity with established dimensions and units. Dimensional consistency is essential when comparing another model with Newtonian gravity.
The G Model perspective
The weak G Model branch identifies Φ = c²M and g = −c²∇M. For a spherical source, the retained form is M(r) = −G_G M_s/(c²r), giving g_G(r) = G_G M_s/r² within the stated assumptions.
The current K_M-first route gives G_G = c⁴/(4πK_M), while a dated manuscript branch openly uses measured Big G as calibration. These provenance branches must remain distinct; algebraic agreement is not experimental independence.
The historical expression 1/(5π²c) was rejected as Newtonian G because its dimensions are wrong. It is not Newton's gravitational constant.